Nucla has it’s roots in the Utopian Movement of the 19th century. Established in 1884 by the Colorado Co-operative Company as a communal settlement in Montrose County. The largest single project of the colony was the building of an irrigation ditch, which was finally completed in the early years of the 20th Century. Several years later the town of Nucla was founded, with the irrigation ditch being the last vestiges of it’s communal foundation.

Naturita, located just five miles from Nucla, was founded by cattle ranchers. Situated in the San Miguel River Canyon, below Nucla, Naturita was to have it’s future cast in mining.  Copper and carnotite (the soft yellow ore from which uranium is processed) was first mined in the Paradox and Gypsum Valleys of the West End.

The Bedrock townsite was established in 1883 in the Paradox Valley just west of Naturita. Built on solid rock, the post office was opened on November 8, 1883. The valley was named for the course of the Dolores River, which enters through a narrow gap, then travels across the valley floor, and exiting through a canyon on the far side, creating a “paradox.”

Mining began as early as 1881 by the Talbert Brothers who sank a shaft into the yellow ore on their quest for gold. Gold was never discovered, however this yellow ore yielded a high level of uranium. The quality of the ore was excellent, making this area of Western Colorado account for the majority of world uranium between 1898 and 1928. Mining provided the growth of the towns of Nucla, Bedrock, and Naturita. Vandium mining commenced in 1915, lasting into the end of the 1940’s, and was used as an alloy in the production of steel products. With the late 20th Century drop in the price of uranium, the mining and milling industries gave way to agriculture as the economic foundation of the West End. Currently there is interest in returning to the mining and milling with the proposal of the Pinon Ridge Mill.  If approved, the mill would become the first uranium mill constructed in the United States in many decades.

Today the West End is a magnet for outdoor activity, with fishing, hunting, mountain bike riding, jeeping, off road vehicle riding and camping as an important segment of local economic activity.

Nucla-Naturita Area:

Ferdinand Hayden roamed the Gunnison area in the 1873-74, wandering up the Gunnison River and East River basins. Whilst climbing Teocalli Peal, 13,320 feet, Hayden saw two mountain tops in the distance that resembled the crests of helmets. The “Crested Buttes” were Gothic Peak and Crested Butte. It was in 1878 that Howard F. Smith of Leadville wandered up the East River and found coal deposits in the Crested Butte area. His base of operations was the confluence of the Slate River and Coal Creek. Smith built a sawmill and smelter to service the mining camps in the area, and on July 3, 1880, Crested Butte was incorporated, with a population of about 400. The economic base in the beginning of Crested Butte was as a service center for the surrounding mining camps of Gothic, Irwin, Pittsburgh, Crystal, and Schofield. Smith quickly sold half his interest in the town to William Jackson Palmer of the Denver & Rio Grande Railroad. Palmer brought the line up from Gunnison in 1881, giving Crested Butte land transportation to assist in supplying goods and services for the local mining interests. Within a short time, Crested Butte’s population had mushroomed to 1,000, with five hotels, three livery stables, a dozen restaurants and saloons, sawmills, doctors, lawyers, and a church. With Smith’s sale of his coal land to the precursor of the Colorado Fuel and Iron Company it was a short while and coal became king in the upper valley. Both the hard anthracite and soft coal were found in abundance in Crested Butte.

The Big Mine provided an economic base when silver collapsed in 1893, producing 1,000 tons of coal per day by 1902. The Big Mine became the third largest mine in Colorado, with the high grade anthracite of any mine here in Colorado. The Big Mine finally closed in 1952, when CF & I found less expensive coal in Fremont County near its steel mills in Pueblo.

Crested Butte today is known for it’s laid back attitude in town and a trendy ski resort up on Mount Crested Butte. Dick Eflin and Fred Rice purchased the Malensek Ranch north of Crested Butte in 1960. Their first season of 1962-63 Crested Butte Ski Area had the first Ski Gondola in Colorado with ski trails coming off the northern slope of Mount Crested Butte (12,162 feet). Their project was short lived and in bankruptcy by mid decade. In 1970, Howard Bo Calloway purchased the resort, pouring $20 million into his investment. With Calloway’s investment, Mount Crested Butte has not looked back to the days of Eflin and Rice. Later becoming an incorporated town, Mount Crested Butte has become one of the largest ski resorts here in Colorado.

1961- Ski Area
1974- Crested Butte on the National Register of Historic Places.
1974- Mt Crested Butte incorporates as a separate community.

CB Visitors Center: 601 Elk Avenue
CB Heritage Museum: 331 Elk Avenue
Wildflower Capitol of Colorado